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Catena Labs Handbook

How Catena Works

Architecture overview: agent identity → transaction flow → settlement.

Topic 4
How Catena Works

Catena is built as a financial system for AI agents.

It lets agents move money safely by following a clear flow: agent identity → transaction flow → settlement.

Each step is designed to keep humans in control while allowing agents to act fast.

1. Agent Identity (Who is acting)

Before an agent can touch money, Catena first answers one question: “Who is this agent?”

What happens here

  • Every AI agent is registered in Catena
  • The agent gets a unique identity
  • It is linked to a human or organization
  • Its permissions and limits are defined

This identity includes:

  • What the agent is allowed to do
  • How much it can spend
  • Who it can pay
  • When it can act

Without this step, nothing else can happen.

Why this matters

This ensures:

  • No anonymous agents
  • No shared access
  • Clear responsibility

Every action can always be traced back.

2. Transaction Flow (How money moves)

Once an agent has identity and rules, it can start operating.

What happens here

When an agent wants to make a payment:

  • The agent requests a transaction
  • Catena checks the agent’s rules
  • Catena confirms the payment is allowed
  • The transaction is approved automatically

If the payment breaks any rule:

  • It is blocked instantly
  • No money moves

Why this matters

This creates:

  • Real time payments
  • No manual approvals
  • Built in safety

Agents can act fast, but never outside their limits.

3. Settlement (Where money ends up)

Settlement is the final step where money actually changes hands.

What happens here

  • Approved transactions are settled instantly
  • Funds move from secure custody to the recipient
  • Records are written permanently

This works:

  • Across agents
  • Across services
  • Across borders

Why this matters

Settlement ensures:

  • Payments actually complete
  • No confusion about balances
  • Full transparency

Everyone can see what happened and when.

What makes this different from traditional finance

Traditional finance:

  • Checks identity late
  • Reviews payments manually
  • Settles slowly

Catena:

  • Checks identity first
  • Enforces rules automatically
  • Settles at machine speed
Simple end to end example
  • A human creates an AI agent and sets limits
  • Catena gives the agent an identity
  • The agent requests a payment
  • Catena checks rules instantly
  • Payment settles immediately
  • Everything is recorded

No waiting. No guessing. No chaos.

Catena works by first knowing who the agent is, then controlling how it can move money, and finally settling payments instantly and safely all under human defined rules.

How Catena Works